Orthopedics

Signs, diagnostic testing of this painful condition that can affect any dog.

Both human and equine athletes are subject to leg muscle injuries.

The goal of total hip replacement is a pain-free joint that mimics normal biomechanics with excellent long-term function.

Osteoarthritis can result from direct trauma to the joint or cartilage, injury to ligaments or soft tissues resulting in joint instability, obesity or developmental disease. The effect of osteoarthritis varies, with a wide range of severity and associated radiographic and clinical signs; however, resultant discomfort and activity restrictions can have a profound effect on quality of life.

Traumatic fragmented medial coronoid process (TFMCP) is a condition in the elbow joint of dogs that appears to occur commonly in performance dogs.

Elbow dysplasia is a collective term for the developmental orthopedic diseases of the canine elbow. Traditionally, it refers to ununited anconeal process (UAP), osteochondrosis of the humeral condyle (OCD), and fragmentation of the medial coronoid process (FCP).

Juvenile orthopedic diseases are a common cause of lameness and discomfort in young animals. A patient's signalment, history and complete physical examination are necessary to localize the disease, establish differential diagnoses and develop a diagnostic plan.

Hip dysplasia is the most common developmental orthopedic disease in dogs. First described in the 1930's, it continues to affect millions of dogs worldwide. Large breed dogs are most commonly diagnosed, however small breed dogs and cats also are affected.

Juxta-articular fractures are fractures occurring near the joint surface. They may be intra- or extra-articular.

Gunshot wounds can be a common injury in veterinary medicine varying from shotgun and rifle injuries in rural areas to handguns and air powered weapons in cosmopolitan areas. The severity of injury resulting from gunshots is variable as well based on the type and composition of the bullet, the projectile (flight) characteristics, kinetic energy absorbed on impact and tissues involved.

Patella luxation is a common orthopedic condition in dogs. It may cause varying degrees of lameness, pain, and progression of osteoarthritis. It is most commonly diagnosed in small breed dogs, however large breed dogs are also affected.

Cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture is the most common cause of hindlimb lameness in dogs. Treatment of CrCL injury is an integral part of veterinary orthopedic practice, and represents a $1.23 billion/yr industry in the United States.

Total knee replacement is a treatment option for nonseptic advanced osteoarthritis and irreparable traumatic injuries when medical management is no longer adequate, reconstructive surgery does not have a good prognosis and arthrodesis and amputation are the other options.

Retrievers typically have an active lifestyle, and many are engaged in hunting, field competition, or other strenuous activities such as agility or search and rescue work.

During the CVC in San Diego, Nov. 7-9, new and experienced practitioners alike will gain confidence in managing animals with orthopedic problems.

Inflammation of the proximal aspect of the interosseus medius muscle, or suspensory ligament (i.e., proximal suspensory desmitis, PSD) of the hind limb, is a common cause of acute or chronic lameness of horses and is most commonly diagnosed in competition horses 4 to 10 years old.

Idiopathic, non-infectious, non-erosive immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA) is the most common immune-mediated arthritic condition in the dog, resulting in effusion, pain, and decreased range of motion in multiple joints.

Animal movement has been a subject of research for a long period of time. Both qualitative and quantitative gait analyses have been used to analyze horse and horse movement.

It is best to have a good basic knowledge of exercise physiology when designing and implementing a rehabilitation and/or conditioning program.

Police dogs or military working dogs can present interesting challenges for the veterinary clinician.

There are many times that a medical problem arises in the field far away from any veterinary services. During these times preparation may be what saves a dog's life.

It is important to understand that canine locomotion occurs as a result of the summation of all of the body segments and joints moving and working together.

In any dog there can be times when an activity stresses the dog's metabolic processes to extremes.

Back problems are a common cause of poor performance in all horses - especially competitive horses, whose jumping ability may be diminished.

Treatment of cranial cruciate ligament deficiency is the most common surgical procedure performed in veterinary orthopedics.