Surgery

Patella luxation is a common orthopedic condition in dogs. It may cause varying degrees of lameness, pain, and progression of osteoarthritis. It is most commonly diagnosed in small breed dogs, however large breed dogs are also affected.

The small intestine is composed of four layers of tissue, the tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa (provides the main holding power in the intestine), tunica muscularis (the inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer), and tunica serosa, it is important to be able to differentiate between the small and large intestine.

The stomach is a C-shaped musculoglandular organ. It has the largest dilatation of the alimentary canal.

The entire urethra is lined with transitional epitheliurn with the exception of a small amount near the tip of the penis or urethral tubercle. Urethral muscle is composed of an inner longitudinal layer of smooth muscle and an outer transverse layer of skeletal muscle that are separated dorsally by a longitudinal raphe.

Gastrointestinal surgery is performed very commonly in small animal for biopsy, removal of a foreign body, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, resection of a necrotic segment of intestine, resection of necrotic portion of the stomach, and resection of a neoplasia.

The pinna of the ear is examined for scratches, hair loss and swelling. The external ear canal that is visible to the naked eye is examined for redness, swelling, and mats of hair and waxy material.

Brachycephalic breeds (Shih Tzu, boxer English and French Bulldog, Pekingese, pug and Boston terrier) have a shortened skull compared to the other breeds. Compression of the nasal passage and distortion of the pharyngeal tissue result in an increase in airway resistance.

The lens is composed of crystalline fibers specifically arranged to allow light rays to transilluminate through the lens to the retina. The lens focuses light rays on the retina.

Corneal surgical techniques available for use in veterinary medicine are reviewed. Surgeries discussed include linear grid keratotomy, multiple superficial punctate keratotomy, diamond burr superficial keratectomy, thermokeratoplasty, keratectomy, conjunctival graft placement (pedicle, island, bridge, advancement, etc.), corneoconjunctival transposition flaps, penetrating and lamellar keratoplasties (corneal transplants), biosynthetic graft placement (A-cell, BioSist), and amnion graft placement.

Cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture is the most common cause of hindlimb lameness in dogs. Treatment of CrCL injury is an integral part of veterinary orthopedic practice, and represents a $1.23 billion/yr industry in the United States.

Total knee replacement is a treatment option for nonseptic advanced osteoarthritis and irreparable traumatic injuries when medical management is no longer adequate, reconstructive surgery does not have a good prognosis and arthrodesis and amputation are the other options.

It's every veterinarian's worst nightmare. Here's how our practice recovered.

These notes are provided as an outline and brief review of pet fish medicine with emphasis on the clinical work up and standards of care.

Treating dermal injuries, fracture stabilization, stabilization of fracture sites after internal orthopedic repair, joint injuries and prevention of self trauma are common reasons bandages are used on avian patients.

Dr. Steven F. Swaim demonstrates how to place these tension-type sutures that can close large skin defects on the trunks of animals.

Walking sutures are tension-type sutures that can be used to close large skin defects in areas where sufficient skin surrounds the wound that can be moved or stretched to close the wound.

Alexandria, Va. -- The National Association of Veterinary Technicians in America (NAVTA) has announced a new specialty, the Academy of Veterinary Surgical Technicians.

East Lansing -- Michigan State University (MSU) College of Veterinary Medicine (CVM) will stop using live animals in terminal procedures to train veterinary students in surgical techniques beginning with the fall 2010 semester.

A 9-year-old 46.2-lb (21-kg) spayed female mixed-breed dog was presented to the ophthalmology service at Colorado State University for evaluation of incisional infection and delayed healing after bilateral entropion surgery.

Atresia ani is a congenital embryological anomaly in which the hindgut fails to fully communicate with the perineum.

In dogs, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (formerly recognized as S. intermedius) is the most common resident organism of the skin and the most common cause of canine pyoderma.

Breaking through to Iva Granite-Head.

A full-thickness mesh graft is a sheet of skin that includes only the epidermis and the entire dermis and is fenestrated to allow for expansion and drainage.

In this five-part video, Dr. Steven Swaim demonstrates how to place full-thickness mesh skin grafts.

Washington-Awards granted to veterinarians.