Surgery

It is important to recognize qualities that affect candidacy for cataract surgery in our small animal patients.

The term laser stands for light amplification stimulated by emission of radiation.

The Achilles tendon is the common calcaneal tendon and is most commonly injured by laceration in both dogs and cats.

Average healing times for small animal fractures are dependent upon the age of the animal and the type of fracture as well as the method of fixation used to stabilize the fracture.

Surgical fenestration of the intervertebral space provides a means of prophylaxis on disc disease.

During this talk, we will be discussing currently available medical and surgical therapies for glaucoma in veterinary medicine, with emphasis on what is new and updated, as well as when their use is appropriate.

Perianal fistula is a specific disease of the canine characterized by ulcerating fistulous tracts, often with a malodorous purulent discharge around the anal orifice.

There have been numerous developments in the field of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease.

The most common indication for total joint replacement in the small animal is osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease that is a cause of significant and frequent pain.

Osteoarthritis affects diarthrodial joints of small animals including the shoulder, elbow, carpus, hip, stifle, tarsus, and spinal articulations.

Elbow dysplasia is a group of diseases made up of several conditions including ununited anconeal process, osteochondritis dissecans humerus, fragmented coronoid process, and incomplete humeral ossification.

Joint diseases can be classified into inflammatory or non-inflammatory.

Chronic disorders of the musculoskeletal and neurologic systems are often classified as injuries in which the onset of clinical signs began greater than 2 weeks ago, have recurred more than once, or cannot be corrected surgically due to concurrent illness in the patient.

Layers of the intestinal wall include mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.

Diseases of the salivary glands in dogs are usually inflammatory, neoplastic, or traumatic.

The recovery period is a very important period where vigilance is the key as complications such as hypoventilation; hypoxemia, hypothermia, pain, and excitation are not uncommon.

Normal Anatomy: The stomach is divided into the cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric antrum and the esophagus enters the stomach through the cardiac ostium.

The prevalence of renal and/or ureteral calculi in the dog is relatively uncommon (5-10% of all urinary tract calculi) when compared to calculi in the lower urinary tract.

There are many factors that play a role in airway management and ventilation.

This text is not intended to cover each and every aspect relating to wounds presented in veterinary medicine.

Avoiding surgical mistakes begins before surgery with appropriate workup of each case on an individual basis.

Axial pattern flaps (APF) are a type of pedicle flap that include a large direct cutaneous artery and vein.

Disease of the ears is very common in both dogs and cats. Infectious, parasitic, neoplastic, immune related, allergic disease, foreign bodies and trauma may affect the ears.

Surgical exploration of the abdomen is performed for diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic purposes.

The upper airway distress syndrome is composed of thee individual conditions that cause animals to have moderate to severe inspiratory dypnea.