	Karen Overall, MA, VMD, PhD, DACVB, CAAB, who's extensively studied what fear, stress and anxiety do to veterinary patients, explains what happens in a puppy's or kitten's brain when it has a scary experience at the veterinary clinic.

	She also shares a personal story about the effects of inappropriate restraint.

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Behavior

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Once a pet has been frightened, it never forgets the experience.

Karen Overall on the effects of fear on veterinary patients

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