Heather Carter, BS, LVT, VTS (Anesthesia/Analgesia)

When your patients are really hurting, a one-size-fits-all approach won’t cut it. Alleviating pain and discomfort is best achieved through a combination of modalities, including pharmaceuticals and supplements.

Having a thorough understanding of analgesia, pain and dysphoria is necessary to provide appropriate management interventions that will help achieve a positive outcome for your veterinary patients.

The best outcome in patients receiving opioids requires the ability to differentiate pain from dysphoria. A veterinary technician specialist shares her approach.

Follow this step-by-step process to interpret ECGs

Improve your veterinary anesthetic protocol by considering these key factors.