• DVM360_Conference_Charlotte,NC_banner
  • ACVCACVC
  • DVM 360
  • Fetch DVM 360Fetch DVM 360
DVM 360
dvm360 | Veterinary News, Veterinarian Insights, Medicine, Pet Care
dvm360 | Veterinary News, Veterinarian Insights, Medicine, Pet Care
By Role
AssociatesOwnersPractice ManagerStudentsTechnicians
Subscriptions
dvm360 Newsletterdvm360 Magazine
News
All News
Association
Breaking News
Education
Equine
FDA
Law & Ethics
Market Trends
Medical
Politics
Products
Recalls
Regulatory
Media
dvm360 LIVE!™
Expert Interviews
The Vet Blast Podcast
Medical World News
Pet Connections
The Dilemma Live
Vet Perspectives™
Weekly Newscast
dvm360 Insights™
Publications
All Publications
dvm360
Firstline
Supplements
Vetted
Clinical
All Clinical
Anesthesia
Animal Welfare
Behavior
Cardiology
CBD in Pets
Dentistry
Dermatology
Diabetes
Emergency & Critical Care
Endocrinology
Equine Medicine
Exotic Animal Medicine
Feline Medicine
Gastroenterology
Imaging
Infectious Diseases
Integrative Medicine
Nutrition
Oncology
Ophthalmology
Orthopedics
Pain Management
Parasitology
Surgery
Toxicology
Urology & Nephrology
Virtual Care
Business
All Business
Business & Personal Finance
Hospital Design
Personnel Management
Practice Finances
Practice Operations
Wellbeing & Lifestyle
Continuing Education
Conferences
Conference Listing
Conference Proceedings
Upcoming dvm360 Conferences
Resources
CBD in Pets
CE Requirements by State
Contests
Partners
Spotlight Series
Team Meeting in a Box
Toolkit
Top Recommended Veterinary Products
Vet to Vet
Veterinary Heroes
  • Contact Us
  • Fetch DVM360 Conference
  • Terms and Conditions
  • Privacy
  • Do Not Sell My Information
  • About Us

© 2023 MJH Life Sciences and dvm360 | Veterinary News, Veterinarian Insights, Medicine, Pet Care. All rights reserved.

Advertisement
By Role
  • Associates
  • Owners
  • Practice Manager
  • Students
  • Technicians
Subscriptions
  • dvm360 Newsletter
  • dvm360 Magazine
  • Contact Us
  • Fetch DVM360 Conference
  • Terms and Conditions
  • Privacy
  • Do Not Sell My Information
  • About Us
  • MJHLS Brand Logo

© 2023 MJH Life Sciences™ and dvm360 | Veterinary News, Veterinarian Insights, Medicine, Pet Care. All rights reserved.

Neurologic diseases of sheep and goats (Proceedings)

August 1, 2011
Meredyth Jones, DVM, MS, DACVIM

Ataxia without paresis, mentally alert, intention tremors, nystagmus, truncal sway, base-wide stance, hypermetria, pick up feet and slam down hard, excellent muscle tone, fall over backwards, no conscious proprioceptive deficits, may lack menace response but have normal vision.

Cerebral diseases

Clinical signs

     • Depressed mental state, cortical blindness, circling/leaning, head pressing, opisthotonus, vocalization, seizures, bizarre behavior

Differential diagnoses

     • Polioencephalomalacia

          o Thiamine-responsive

          o Sulfur-induced

          o Lead toxicity

     • Vitamin A deficiency (Blind)

     • Salt Toxicity/Water Depriv.

     • Rabies

     • C. perfringens C/D enterotoxemia

     • Lidocaine toxicity

     • Bacterial Meningitis

     • Scrapie

     • CAE/OPP virus

     • Urea Toxicity

     • Hepatoencephalopathy

     • West Nile Virus

     • Hydrocephalus/Hydranencephaly

          o Veratrum, BTV, Border disease, Cache Valley, Akabane [FAD]

     • Heat Stress

     • Listeriosis

     • Sinusitis

     • Cerebral Edema

     • Hypoxia

     • Hypoglycemia

     • Acid-base derangement

     • Uremia

     • Hypocalcemia

     • Grass Tetany

     • Hypokalemia

     • Brain Abscess

     • Pituitary Abscess

Advertisement

     • Pregnancy Toxemia

     • Milk Fever

     • Brain Abscess

     • Pituitary Abscess

     • Aberrant Parasite Migration

          o P. tenuis

          o Neospora

          o Toxoplasma

     • Toxic Plants

     • Caprine Leukoencephalomyelitis

     • Borna Disease

     • Louping Ill [FAD]

     • Dandy-Walker Malformation

     • Holoprosencephaly

     • Meningocele

     • Anencephaly

     • Neoplasia

Cerebellar diseases

Clinical signs

     • Ataxia without paresis, mentally alert, intention tremors, nystagmus, truncal sway, base-wide stance, hypermetria, pick up feet and slam down hard, excellent muscle tone, fall over backwards, no conscious proprioceptive deficits, may lack menace response but have normal vision

Differential diagnoses

     • Cerebellar Hypoplasia

          o BTV, Border Disease, Cache Valley, Rift Valley, Wesselbron disease

     • Cerebellar Abiotrophy

     • Cerebellar Ataxia/Hereditary Hypomyelinogenesis

     • Grass Staggers

          o Rye, Dallis, Bermuda, Canary Grasses

     • Neoplasia

     • Dandy-Walker Malformation

Brainstem diseases/central vestibular diseases

Clinical signs

     • Depression, mania, ataxia and paresis, cranial nerve deficits, irregular respiration, head tilt, eyelid droop, circling, hemiparesis, nystagmus, ataxia with weakness, recumbency (lesion side down) with contralateral limbs hyperextended and hyperreflexic, loss of appetite

Differential diagnoses

     • Listeriosis

     • Aberrant Parasite Migration

     • Neoplasia

Peripheral vestibular diseases

Clinical signs

     • Usually not depressed, head tilt, ear droop, leaning, circling all towards lesion, horizontal nystagmus, ataxia without weakness, bright, alert, good appetite

Differential diagnoses

     • Bacterial otitis media/interna/externa

     • Ear ticks

     • Mites: Psoroptes, Sarcoptes

Spinal cord diseases

Clinical signs

     • Paresis, ataxia, dysmetria, recumbency, mentally normal

Differential diagnoses

     • Trauma

     • Pathologic Fracture

     • Vertebral Body Abscess

     • Epidural Abscess

     • Aberrant Parasite Migration

     • Neoplasia

     • Ascending Myelitis

     • Botulism

     • Tetanus

     • Spastic Paresis

     • CAE/OPP Virus

     • Caprine Leukoencephalomyelitis

     • Polyradiculoneuritis

     • Enzootic Ataxia/Swayback

          o Copper deficiency

     • Grass Staggers

     • Tick Paralysis

     • Organophosphate Toxicity

     • Plant Toxicity

          o Conium, Lupinus, Nicotinia

     • Neoplasia

     • Spina Bifida

     • Arnold-Chiari Malformation

Peripheral nerve diseases

Clinical signs

Weakness, paralysis, decreased muscle tone, muscle atrophy

     • Obturator

          o Clinical Signs: Cannot adduct hind limbs – splay hind legs

          o Cause: Dystocia, splits, pelvic fracture

     • Sciatic

          o Clinical Signs: Extended stifle, flexed hip, flexed or extended hock or fetlock

          o Causes: Trauma, inappropriate IM injections, lumbosacral fracture, proximal acetabular fracture, femoral fracture

     • Femoral

          o Clinical Signs: Flexed stifle, extended hip, crouching stance

          o Causes: Trauma, extreme hindlimb extension, injection site reaction

     • Peroneal

          o Clinical Signs: Extended hock, flexed fetlock

          o Causes: Trauma, sciatic damage

     • Tibial

          o Clinical Signs: Partially knuckled fetlock, flexed hock

          o Causes: Trauma, sciatic damage

     • Suprascapular

          o Clinical Signs: Short strided gait, abduction of the leg and shoulder during weight bearing, atrophy of supraspinatus and infraspinatus mm.

          o Causes: Trauma

     • Radial

          o Clinical Signs: Dropped elbow to complete forelimb paralysis

          o High damage: can't bear weight, flexed elbow and fetlock

          o Low damage: can bear weight, flexed fetlock

          o Causes: Trauma, rib or humeral fracture, avulsion of brachial plexus

Storage diseases

Clinical sign

     • May have clinical signs referable to any or all of the CNS segments

Differential diagnose

     • β mannosidosis – Nubian, Nubian X

     • GMI Gangliosidosis – Suffolk

     • Generalized Glycogenolysis – Suffolk

     • β galactosidase deficiency – Suffolk

     • Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy – Polled Dorset

     • Krabbe's Disease – Polled Dorset

     • Galactocerebrosidosis – Polled Dorset

References available upon request.

Related Content:

Medical
Dog owners are not getting proactive OA information from their veterinarians
Dog owners are not getting proactive OA information from their veterinarians
Performing a health exam on geriatric parrots
Performing a health exam on geriatric parrots
Case study: A new year to keep pets safe from alcohol poisoning
Case study: A new year to keep pets safe from alcohol poisoning

Advertisement

Latest News

Vermont emergency veterinary clinic now offers exotic animal care

Comparing treatments for restoring the skin barrier in atopic dogs

Increasing efficiency and productivity in uncertain times

AAVMC awards almost $100,000 in diversity scholarships

View More Latest News
Advertisement