Janice Sojka Kritchevsky, VMD, MS, DACVIM

Geriatric horses are the fastest growing segment of the equine population, and represent an increasing percentage of all equine patients seen by veterinarians and referred to specialty hospitals.

The term endocrinologic laminitis was coined by Dr. Phil Johnson and colleagues in 2004, and is meant to describe laminitis that arises from hormonal abnormalities primarily insulin resistance rather than inflammatory or mechanical causes.

Prevention of EMS centers on maintaining normal weight in horses, particularly those that are high risk breeds.

Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs, particularly phenylbutazone and flunixin meglumine, have been the primary analgesics used in equine medicine for decades.

The official definition of an adverse drug reaction is any response to a drug which is noxious and unintended and which occurs at doses of an appropriately given drug used for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy, excluding therapeutic failures and occurring within a reasonable time frame of administration of the drug.

Lawsonia intracellularis is the causative agent of equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE).